Comparative Concerns with Li-Ion Battery Cathode Materials

Abstract

Following an overview of lithium insertion compounds and Li-ion cell principles, we compare the physical and electrochemical characteristics of the positive electrodes found in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Three types of electrode materials include several kinds of lattices, including spinel frameworks, layered transition-metal oxides, and olivine, based on the dimensionality of the Li+ ion motion within them. With a focus on synthesis challenges, electrochemical stability, faradaic performance, and security concerns, their benefits and drawbacks are contrasted.