Enhanced Cluster Head Selection and Routing Algorithm for Agricultural IoT Networks (ECSRA)

Abstract

In the realm of agricultural Internet of Things (IoT), optimizing cluster head selection and routing protocols is pivotal for enhancing network efficiency and longevity. This paper proposes the Enhanced Cluster Head Selection and Routing Algorithm (ECSRA), tailored for agricultural IoT networks. ECSRA leverages signal strength, communication reliability, and energy levels to strategically form clusters and select cluster heads, thereby improving data transmission efficiency and network reliability. Simulation results demonstrate that ECSRA outperforms existing protocols in terms of energy consumption reduction, higher packet delivery ratio, lower end-to-end delay, prolonged network lifespan, and improved throughput, making it a promising solution for modernizing agricultural operations.