Optimizing short dental implants: Impact of macro thread designs and platform configurations on stress distribution and micromotion- A three-dimensional finite element analysis

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of implant thread designs and abutment platform configurations on stress distribution and micromotion in immediately loaded short implants within D2 and D4 bone densities using finite element analysis (FEA). Three-dimensional FEA models simulated implants with varying thread designs (single, double, triple, asymmetrical) and two platform configurations (platform-switched, regular). A static load of 100N at a 25° angle was applied to analyze von Mises stress and micromotion at the bone-implant interface in the cortical bone. Results indicated that single-threaded implants generated the highest stress, while platform-switched configurations generally reduced stress, particularly in D2 bone. Triple-threaded implants exhibited the least micromotion across both bone densities. Although platform-switched implants showed reduced micromotion, differences were not statistically significant. The study underscores the importance of implant design in stress distribution and micromotion, with asymmetrical and triple-threaded designs with platform-switched configurations showing promise. Despite these findings, further research, including dynamic simulations and clinical trials, is necessary to optimize implant designs for improved long-term stability.